Tues.+13-16

Dear Tues. 13-16 students, Your outlines have been commented and draft marked, please go over the comments, make the necessary changes and reply in the discussion forum or under the comment if necessary. Thank you once more, and well done for your effort so far! :) Hanieh Akbarimehr

Colon Cancer I. Introduction A. ‍‍‍‍‍What is Colon Cancer? B. Another name for Colon Cancer? ‍‍‍‍‍ II. Body A. General Information 1. Risk Factor for Colon Cancer a. age b. Diet c. family medical history 2. Screening for Colon Cancer a. Method i. Sigmoidoscopy or Colonoscopy ii. Blood stool test 3. Symptoms of Colon Cancer a. Changes in Bowel movements b. vomiting c. Rectal Bleeding d. back pain 4. Prognosis a. The amount of damage to DNA in tumor cell may affect b. The pattern of movement of cancer cell into the intestinal wall may have an effect on outcome. 5. Treatment a. Exercise b. Intake of vegetables c. Medications d. Surgery e. CT scans III. Conclusion A. Risk Factor B. Screening C. Prevention

‍‍‍‍‍shahin shahryari ‍‍‍‍‍...

Cholera I. Causes A. contamination of water B. contamination of food II. Symptoms A. diarreha B. vomiting C. dehydration 1. low blood pressure 2. wrinkled hands (poor skin turgor) 3. sunken eyes 4. rapid pulse III. Treatment A. fluid 1. oral rehydration therapy (ORT) 2. intravenous rehydration B. Electrolytes C. antibiotics 1. cotrimoxazole 2. tetracycline 3. chlorampheniol IV. Prevention A. strelization of all contaminated materials B. water p‍‍‍‍‍urfic ‍‍‍‍‍ation C. controlling the swage

‍‍‍‍‍Saghi Miri ‍‍‍‍‍


 * Multiple sclerosis **

1. Medications for Long term basis
a. Interferons b. Fingolimod c. intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) d. cyclophosphamide

2. Medications for control symptoms
a. Medicines to reduce muscle spasms i. Lioresal ii. Tizanidine iii. Benzodiazepine


 * A)Natural disasters **


 * 1.earthquake **


 * 2.mudslide **


 * 3.forest fire **


 * 4.volcanic eruption **


 * 5.tornado **


 * B)Disasters by human's activity **


 * 1.‍‍‍‍lost child ‍‍‍‍ **


 * 2.accidents **


 * a.car accidents **


 * b.airplane crash **


 * 3.fire **


 * C)Emergency procedures **


 * 1.Before an emergency **


 * a.make a disaster kit **


 * i.blankets **


 * ii.canned foods **


 * iii.botteled water **


 * b.plan for an emergency **


 * 2.During an emergency **


 * a.pay attention to warnings **


 * b.take over **


 * c.stay away from windows **


 * d.seek shelter **


 * 3.After emergency **


 * a.call out-of-state contacts **


 * b.clean up debris **


 * c.Inspect utilities. **


 * ‍‍‍‍sahar goodarzi ‍‍‍‍ **

**I. ‍‍‍‍Living aboard and migration**

‍‍‍‍
**A)The reason**


 * 1.Education **


 * a.Take a valid certificate from a good university .**


 * b.Access to best facility and equipment‍‍‍ **


 * 2.Achievement to new life. **


 * a.Experience bette r life. **


 * b.Being more comfortable and free **.


 * 3.‍‍‍‍Country difficulties ‍‍‍‍. **


 * 4.Deporting. **


 * B)Effects **


 * 1.Reduce number of geniuses. **


 * 2.Stressful life in new country. **


 * 3.Different cultural appearance. **


 * 4.Deterioration in country that people left. **


 * C)Solution to reduce it **


 * 1.Government **


 * a.Furnish more fun and entertainment. **


 * b.Increase the number of employee and capacity of university. **


 * c.Behave better with townsfolk. **


 * 2.People change their thought and opinion. **

‍‍‍‍Arezou Darvishi:D ‍‍‍‍


 * Color blindness **

I.Classification

A.Monochromacy

1.total color blindness

2.the lack of ability to distinguish colors

B. Dichromacy

C. trichromacy

II.Causes

A.Genetics

1.Inherited

2.mutation in some chromosomes

B.Brain and retinal damages

1.accident

2.shaken baby syndrome

3.degenerative diseases of the eyes

a.age related macular degeneration

b.diabet

C.The drug hydroxychloroquine

III.symptoms

A.Trouble seeing colors and the brightness of colors

B. Inability to tell the difference between shades of the similar colors

C.Rapid side-to-side eye moment

IV.Diagnosis

A.Ishihara color test

1. consists of a series of pictures of colored spots

2. used to diagnose red–green color deficiencies

B. Farnsworth Lantern Test, or FALANT

V.Management

A. doesn't have any cure

B.Helping to better distinguish different colors

1. contact lens

2.glasses

‍‍‍‍Tahereh Mohammadi ‍‍‍‍

=﻿Diabetes=

ii.Lettuce
iii.broccoli b.Citrus fruit c.Fish d.Fat free milk and yogurt 2.Exercise 3.Checking blood glucose

B.Medication
1.Insulin 2.Aspirin 3.New injectable medications a.Pramlitide b.Exenatide

‍‍‍‍Faeze Abbasi
‍‍‍‍

Acquired Immunodeficiency syndrome
=I. INTRODUCTION=

C. Developing Nations
‍‍‍ =III. CAUSE=

=IV. HOW HIV INFECTION=

D. Misperceptions About HIV Transmission
=V. SYMPTOMS=

=VI. DETECTING AND MONITORING HIV INFECTION=

=VII. DIAGNOSING AIDS=

=VIII. TREATMENT=

A. Antiretroviral
1. Drug resistance

C. Support Mechanisms
=IX. PREVENTION=

=X. HISTORY=

C. Defining the Illness
=XI. SOCIAL PRESPECTIVES=

C. Social Stigma an Discrimination
<range type="comment" id="841192">‍‍‍Sina Karaji ‍‍‍

//**I:HEART DISEASE**//
//**A:Some information**// 1:Number one killer in western society 2:Spurred in modern society since100 years ago 3:The usual disease of modern countries

//**B:causes**// 1:The blocked or narrow arteries 2:High blood pressure(hypertention) 3:Genetic predisposition 4:Some behavior a:Cigarette <range type="comment" id="564010">‍‍‍smoking ‍‍‍ b:Being relatively over weight 5:High level of fatty substance a:Cholesterol 6:Stress a:Stress in jab i:Cook ii:Waiter iii:Hospital orderly 7:Sort of people a:Type A i:Competitive ii:Aggressive iii:Hard-driving b:Type B i:The opposite of type A c:People between A andB 8:Being men or women a:Heart disease focuses on men rather than women

//**C:Treatment**// //**1:Prevention**// a:Teach type A people b:To be relax c:Control their stress d:Change their pressured view of the world

**//I://****//SECRET OF GOOD HEALTH OF THE WORLD//**

 * //A:HUNZUKUTS//**
 * //1:Physical work//**
 * //a:In the field//**
 * //b:WIth animal//**
 * //2:Healthy enviroment//**
 * //a:Clean air//**
 * //b:Clean water//**
 * //3:Simplel diet//**
 * //a:High in vitamin//**
 * //b:Low in fat//**
 * //c:Low in sugar//**
 * //d:Without chemical//**
 * //B:MOUNTAIN IN <range type="comment" id="47407">‍‍‍RUSSIA ‍‍‍(Caucasian)//**
 * //1:Good diet//**
 * //a:Milk//**
 * //b:Cheese//**
 * //c:Vegetable//**
 * //d:Fruit//**
 * //e:Meat//**
 * //2:Less stress//**
 * //3:Physical exercise//**
 * //C:VILCABAMBA//**
 * //1:Clean and beautiful enviroment//**
 * //a:Lots of flower//**
 * //b:Beautiful wildlife//**
 * //2:Good temperature(about 70 <range type="comment" id="988963">‍‍‍fahre ‍‍‍nheit)//**
 * //3: The fix direction of wind//**
 * //4:Good diet//**
 * //a:Grain//**
 * //b:Corn//**
 * //c:Beams//**
 * //d:Fruit//**
 * //<range type="comment" id="170280">‍‍‍i:Apricots ‍‍‍//**
 * //5:Physical exercise//**
 * //6:Freedom from worry//**

**//Maryam Hommasi﻿//**
<range type="comment" id="308299">‍‍‍i. ‍‍‍ Modern medicine

A. New technology

1. Available to “disease detective”

2. Trying to solve medical mysteries

B. Knowledge of genetics

1. To prevent birth defects

2. To cure genetic illnesses

C. Successful transplants

1. Heart

2. Liver

3. Other organs

ii. Finding causes of diseases

A. Kinds of “disease detectivs”

1. Microbiologists

2. Epidemiologist

3. Other scientists

B. <range type="comment" id="917684">‍‍‍What they do ‍‍‍

1. Talk to people(ask question)

2. Study the environment

a. Inside:kitchen,bathrooms,etc

b. Outside:soil,plants,rivers,etc

3. Share the information with laboratory scientists

Abdolmajid <range type="comment" id="249139">‍‍‍farzan ‍‍‍

A.genetics and disease

1.What are genes a.Part of the center of every cells b.material that determines the characteristics 1.plants 2.animals 3.human being

2.purposes of the study of genetics a.learn how organisms cause disease b.detect the genes that causes inherited disease c.understand the gene changes d.change gene structure

<range type="comment" id="970423">‍‍‍FARZAD SOHEILI FARD ‍‍‍


 * Arthritis:**

I. Causes A. Autoimmune disease B. Broken bone C. General "wear and tear" on joints D. Infection, usually by bacteria or virus

II. Types A. Osteoarthritis B. Ankylosing spondylitis C. Gonococcal arthritis D. Gout E. Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (in children) <range type="comment" id="274684">‍‍‍‍F. etc ‍‍‍‍.

III. Symptoms A. Joint pain B. Joint swelling C. Reduced ability to move the joint D. Redness of skin around a joint E. Stiffness, especially in the morning F. Warmth around a joint

IV. Treatment A. Life style changes B. Medications 1. General medicines 2. Prescription medicines

Bahram<range type="comment" id="532452">‍‍‍‍ Teymoory ‍‍‍‍

//**I:SAVING MONEY ON <range type="comment" id="799893">‍‍‍‍GASS BILL ‍‍‍‍**//
//**A:Using beneficial equipment**// 1:Focuse on heaters a:Using solar radiators b:Using A energy labeled heaters c:Locating heaters on suitable places 2:Focuse on gass stoves a:Using A energy labeled stoved b:Using low slame of stove

//**B:Reducing gass consumption from indirect way**// 1:Getting used to stay in a lower degree of home enviroment 2:Keep body warm in other way a:Wear warmer clothes b:Eat more energetic food 3:Not to stay home at cold hours a:Go to others house as more as possible 4: Eat kinds of foods which does not need to be cooked a:Salad b:Row foods c:Junk foods

1.Definition and incidence of Alzheimer'

a.Discovery of Alzheimer's

b.Relation to dementia

c.Incidence of Alzheimer's

2.Progression of Alzheimer's

a.Description of 4 <range type="comment" id="831248">‍‍‍‍stages ‍‍‍‍

3.Causes/risk factors of Alzheimer's

a.age

b.gender

c.head trauma

d.family history

e.down syndrome

f.other factors

4.Diagnosis of Alzheimer's

a.neurological examination

b.postmortem examination

5.Treatment of Alzheimer's

a.drugs

b.hormones

c.others

<range type="comment" id="824904">‍‍‍‍Navid Ghannad ‍‍‍‍

Title "The Benefits of Running"

I Introduction A. Running is becoming an extremely popular sport for all ages. B. Running is a great form of exercise because it helps people control their weight, develop muscles, and improves mental and physical performance. II. Body A. Weight control 1. Aids self-control 2. Burns calories 3. Encourages a healthy diet 4. <range type="comment" id="765372">‍‍‍‍Suppresses appetite ‍‍‍‍

B. Muscular Development 1. Improves tone 2. Enhances contours 3. Increases strength 4. Improves endurance C. Psychological well-being 1. Aids sleep 2. Inhibits depression 3. Intensifies vitality

C. Cardiovascular Fitness 1. Strengthens heart 2. Lowers blood pressure 3. Changes blood lipids 4. Improves circulation

III. Conclusion A. Benefits of running make it an excellent exercise. B. People who want to improve their health should consider running.

Sahar <range type="comment" id="230349">‍‍‍‍Moghaddamian ‍‍‍‍

=Skin neoplasm (skin cancer)=

I. Classification's description
A. Basal Cell Carcinoma 1. Pearly translucency to fleshy color 2. Tiny surface blood vessels B. Squamous Cell Carcinoma 1. Red,crusted,scaly patch or bump 2. Painful rapid growing tumor C. Malignant Melanoma 1. Color variation 2. Asymmetrical area 3. Irregular border 4. Greater than 6 mm diameter D. Markel Cell Carcinoma 1. Rapidly growing 2. Purple or skin color bump 3. Non-painful bump

II. Causes A. Ultra radiation from sun exposure B. Smoking tobacco C. Genetic syndromes D. Chronic non-healing wounds E. Aging

III. Prevention A. Decreasing indoor tanning and midday sun exposure B. Avoiding the use of tobacco products C. Wearing protective clothes D. Broad-spectrum sunscreen

IV. Management A. Treatment's choosing factors 1. Type of skin cancer 2. Location of tumor 3. Age of patient 4. Primary or recurrence cancer B. Treatment 1. Radiation therapy 2. Topical chemotherapy 3. Surgery 4. Cryotherapy C.mental help and stress reduction in patient

<range type="comment" id="771249">‍‍‍‍samin shirzadi

‍‍‍‍

= I.Heart Disease =

A.Causes
1. **Habits** a. Downturn b. Stressful job c. Family problems d. Immigration
 * 2.Stress**

B.Symptoms
1. **Profuse sweating**
 * 2. Chest pain**
 * 3. Difficulty in breathing**
 * 4. Nausea**

**1. Manage stress**
a.Develop nonstressful hobbies b.Do relaxation exercises c.Give therapy sessions to help change our pressured view of the world

**4.Surgery**
** (Fatemeh Haghparvar) **